From 25cb3b974115268a542e4d46fe6a048f6f5818cc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?=E6=BA=90=E6=96=87=E9=9B=A8?=
 <41315874+fumiama@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:25:24 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] feat(example): impl. vadd

---
 .gitignore                   |   4 +-
 cmd/examples/gemm/main.go    |  15 ---
 cmd/examples/vadd/.gitignore |   1 +
 cmd/examples/vadd/main.cpp   |   9 ++
 cmd/examples/vadd/main.go    | 186 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 cmd/examples/vadd/main.ll    |  52 ++++++++++
 cmd/examples/vadd/main.spv   | Bin 0 -> 924 bytes
 cmd/func2kernel/main.go      |  28 ++++++
 internal/zecall/generic.go   |   5 +-
 ze/command.go                |  91 +++++++++++++++++
 ze/context.go                |  21 ++++
 ze/device.go                 |  21 ++++
 ze/init.go                   |  15 ++-
 ze/kernel.go                 |  41 ++++++++
 ze/mem.go                    |  35 +++++++
 ze/module.go                 |  31 ++++++
 16 files changed, 531 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 cmd/examples/gemm/main.go
 create mode 100644 cmd/examples/vadd/.gitignore
 create mode 100644 cmd/examples/vadd/main.cpp
 create mode 100644 cmd/examples/vadd/main.go
 create mode 100644 cmd/examples/vadd/main.ll
 create mode 100644 cmd/examples/vadd/main.spv
 create mode 100644 cmd/func2kernel/main.go
 create mode 100644 ze/command.go
 create mode 100644 ze/context.go
 create mode 100644 ze/device.go
 create mode 100644 ze/kernel.go
 create mode 100644 ze/mem.go
 create mode 100644 ze/module.go

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 4defa92..8e48f2e 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ go.work.sum
 .env
 
 # Editor/IDE
-# .idea/
-# .vscode/
+.idea/
+.vscode/
 
 # Local spec
 /spec
diff --git a/cmd/examples/gemm/main.go b/cmd/examples/gemm/main.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 1fd19b4..0000000
--- a/cmd/examples/gemm/main.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/fumiama/gozel/ze"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	hs, err := ze.InitGPUDrivers()
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println(hs)
-}
diff --git a/cmd/examples/vadd/.gitignore b/cmd/examples/vadd/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f777a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/examples/vadd/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/device*
diff --git a/cmd/examples/vadd/main.cpp b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c755b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include <sycl/sycl.hpp>
+
+extern "C" SYCL_EXTERNAL
+void vector_add(double* a, double* b) {
+    auto item = sycl::ext::oneapi::this_work_item::get_nd_item<1>();
+    int idx = item.get_global_id(0);
+
+    a[idx] += b[idx];
+}
diff --git a/cmd/examples/vadd/main.go b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb4eb4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	_ "embed"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"os"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+	"github.com/fumiama/gozel/ze"
+)
+
+//go:generate clang++ -fsycl -fsycl-device-only -fno-sycl-use-footer -faddrsig -Xclang -emit-llvm-bc main.cpp -o device_func.bc
+//go:generate sycl-post-link -symbols -split=auto -o device_func.table device_func.bc
+//go:generate llvm-spirv -o device_func.spv device_func_0.bc
+//go:generate clang++ -target spir64-unknown-unknown -S -emit-llvm -x ir device_func_0.bc -o device_func.ll
+//go:generate go run ../../func2kernel device_func.ll device_kern.ll
+//go:generate clang++ -target spir64-unknown-unknown -c -emit-llvm -x ir device_kern.ll -o device_kern.bc
+//go:generate llvm-spirv -o main.spv device_kern.bc
+//go:generate clang++ -target spir64-unknown-unknown -S -emit-llvm -x ir device_kern.bc -o main.ll
+
+//go:embed main.spv
+var kernelspv []byte
+
+const (
+	X, Y, Z = 1024, 1, 1
+	N       = X * Y * Z
+	bufsz   = N * unsafe.Sizeof(float64(0))
+)
+
+func main() {
+	floatbuf := make([]float64, 2*N)
+	for i := range floatbuf {
+		floatbuf[i] = rand.Float64()
+	}
+
+	gpus, err := ze.InitGPUDrivers()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	if len(gpus) == 0 {
+		panic("no gpu available")
+	}
+	gpu := gpus[0]
+
+	ctx, err := gpu.ContextCreate()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	devs, err := gpu.DeviceGet()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	if len(devs) == 0 {
+		panic("no device available")
+	}
+	dev := devs[0]
+
+	q, err := ctx.CommandQueueCreate(dev)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer q.Destroy()
+
+	hbuf_v1, err := ctx.MemAllocHost(bufsz, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer ctx.MemFree(hbuf_v1)
+
+	hbuf_v2, err := ctx.MemAllocHost(bufsz, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer ctx.MemFree(hbuf_v2)
+
+	dbuf_v1, err := ctx.MemAllocDevice(dev, bufsz, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer ctx.MemFree(dbuf_v1)
+
+	dbuf_v2, err := ctx.MemAllocDevice(dev, bufsz, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer ctx.MemFree(dbuf_v2)
+
+	zev1, zev2 := unsafe.Slice((*float64)(hbuf_v1), N), unsafe.Slice((*float64)(hbuf_v2), N)
+	copy(zev1, floatbuf[:N])
+	copy(zev2, floatbuf[N:])
+
+	mod, err := ctx.ModuleCreate(dev, kernelspv)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer mod.Destroy()
+
+	krn, err := mod.KernelCreate("vector_add")
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer krn.Destroy()
+
+	err = krn.SetArgumentValue(0, unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0)), unsafe.Pointer(&dbuf_v1))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	err = krn.SetArgumentValue(1, unsafe.Sizeof(uintptr(0)), unsafe.Pointer(&dbuf_v2))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	err = krn.SetGroupSize(X, Y, Z)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	lst, err := ctx.CommandListCreate(dev)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer lst.Destroy()
+
+	err = lst.AppendMemoryCopy(dbuf_v1, hbuf_v1, bufsz)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	err = lst.AppendMemoryCopy(dbuf_v2, hbuf_v2, bufsz)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = lst.AppendBarrier()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = lst.AppendLaunchKernel(krn, &gozel.ZeGroupCount{
+		Groupcountx: 1, Groupcounty: 1, Groupcountz: 1,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = lst.AppendBarrier()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = lst.AppendMemoryCopy(hbuf_v1, dbuf_v1, bufsz)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = lst.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = q.ExecuteCommandLists(lst)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	err = q.Synchronize()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	fail := false
+	for i := range N {
+		expect := floatbuf[i] + floatbuf[N+i]
+		if zev1[i] != expect {
+			fail = true
+			fmt.Printf("[%05d] expect %f = %f + %f, got %f.\n", i, expect, floatbuf[i], floatbuf[N+i], zev1[i])
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("[%05d] valid  %f = %f + %f, got %f.\n", i, expect, floatbuf[i], floatbuf[N+i], zev1[i])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if fail {
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cmd/examples/vadd/main.ll b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.ll
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68cf7ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.ll
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+; ModuleID = 'device_kern.bc'
+source_filename = "main.cpp"
+target datalayout = "e-i64:64-v16:16-v24:32-v32:32-v48:64-v96:128-v192:256-v256:256-v512:512-v1024:1024-n8:16:32:64-G1"
+target triple = "spir64-unknown-unknown"
+
+@__spirv_BuiltInGlobalInvocationId = external dso_local local_unnamed_addr addrspace(1) constant <3 x i64>, align 32
+
+; Function Attrs: mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite, inaccessiblemem: write)
+define dso_local spir_kernel void @vector_add(ptr addrspace(1) noundef captures(none) %0, ptr addrspace(1) noundef readonly captures(none) %1) local_unnamed_addr #0 !sycl_used_aspects !8 !sycl_fixed_targets !10 {
+  %3 = load i64, ptr addrspace(1) @__spirv_BuiltInGlobalInvocationId, align 32, !noalias !11
+  %4 = icmp ult i64 %3, 2147483648
+  tail call void @llvm.assume(i1 %4)
+  %5 = getelementptr inbounds nuw double, ptr addrspace(1) %1, i64 %3
+  %6 = load double, ptr addrspace(1) %5, align 8
+  %7 = getelementptr inbounds nuw double, ptr addrspace(1) %0, i64 %3
+  %8 = load double, ptr addrspace(1) %7, align 8
+  %9 = fadd double %8, %6
+  store double %9, ptr addrspace(1) %7, align 8
+  ret void
+}
+
+; Function Attrs: nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(inaccessiblemem: write)
+declare void @llvm.assume(i1 noundef) #1
+
+attributes #0 = { mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: readwrite, inaccessiblemem: write) "frame-pointer"="all" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "sycl-entry-point" "sycl-module-id"="main.cpp" "sycl-optlevel"="2" }
+attributes #1 = { nocallback nofree nosync nounwind willreturn memory(inaccessiblemem: write) }
+
+!llvm.dependent-libraries = !{!0}
+!llvm.module.flags = !{!1, !2, !3}
+!opencl.spir.version = !{!4}
+!spirv.Source = !{!5}
+!llvm.ident = !{!6}
+!sycl-esimd-split-status = !{!7}
+
+!0 = !{!"libcpmt"}
+!1 = !{i32 1, !"wchar_size", i32 2}
+!2 = !{i32 1, !"sycl-device", i32 1}
+!3 = !{i32 7, !"frame-pointer", i32 2}
+!4 = !{i32 1, i32 2}
+!5 = !{i32 4, i32 100000}
+!6 = !{!"clang version 21.0.0git (https://github.com/intel/llvm d5f649b706f63b5c74e1929bc95db8de91085560)"}
+!7 = !{i8 0}
+!8 = !{!9}
+!9 = !{!"fp64", i32 6}
+!10 = !{}
+!11 = !{!12, !14, !16}
+!12 = distinct !{!12, !13, !"_ZN7__spirv29InitSizesSTGlobalInvocationIdILi1EN4sycl3_V12idILi1EEEE8initSizeEv: argument 0"}
+!13 = distinct !{!13, !"_ZN7__spirv29InitSizesSTGlobalInvocationIdILi1EN4sycl3_V12idILi1EEEE8initSizeEv"}
+!14 = distinct !{!14, !15, !"_ZN7__spirv22initGlobalInvocationIdILi1EN4sycl3_V12idILi1EEEEET0_v: argument 0"}
+!15 = distinct !{!15, !"_ZN7__spirv22initGlobalInvocationIdILi1EN4sycl3_V12idILi1EEEEET0_v"}
+!16 = distinct !{!16, !17, !"_ZNK4sycl3_V17nd_itemILi1EE13get_global_idEv: argument 0"}
+!17 = distinct !{!17, !"_ZNK4sycl3_V17nd_itemILi1EE13get_global_idEv"}
diff --git a/cmd/examples/vadd/main.spv b/cmd/examples/vadd/main.spv
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..400381eb3e532db5dffefd61441a55c434a7e17c
GIT binary patch
literal 924
zcma))$w~u36h&WVHD)rCvk^fM#iawH1O-Dt@DrMtWDyA6A!)O6p&P%$Pw?~H2;S3n
zLn8#NaPy{H_f@^>RPrEa>4X(6YrFQlDwedgTx=$^+0d?pHZPl3H6i;r8M=25r!#+G
z(n)ET1t?igs%9I)eAxHBsnZ*XgJxMg@_Rx`Kl**VCsae#%yDLu(RA+IK99zJ*X@kG
zr{1{h&b@xmA9-$9GU8>7^Tf3~RtWYV{ZoVUchsMrjlfR_KKI*>#V7JxL7WSEq95<8
zP&#Ry-t167k9c)K%v`8%{;6**h~d}8XSQvDb*wJLl_0WLOjDecEO~58F|*}7#8p+$
zYADLdwgos#vT(@l%UhO(M;^c_%ECdrrvEkBtC&8uGcnl5yRgtXS1&Y}P2@9|FKHBH
zUqbDYd^E15K##IO4!<RQs!GqQK#hCfD~EPXK$ATCxkp_f&we-&mv`nYac)yF`H1@_
yT{PAOYG~ak2Zvn5`?iE#2+_UyrdjcO^TyG=d0+0$w{@v=GOHbddBLL|Y5oAP)k2W~

literal 0
HcmV?d00001

diff --git a/cmd/func2kernel/main.go b/cmd/func2kernel/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..778b5de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/func2kernel/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	f, err := os.Open(os.Args[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+	fo, err := os.Create(os.Args[2])
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	defer fo.Close()
+	scan := bufio.NewScanner(f)
+	for scan.Scan() {
+		t := scan.Text()
+		t = strings.ReplaceAll(t, " spir_func ", " spir_kernel ")
+		t = strings.ReplaceAll(t, "ptr addrspace(4)", "ptr addrspace(1)")
+		fo.WriteString(t)
+		fo.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/zecall/generic.go b/internal/zecall/generic.go
index dfca7b6..526ce21 100644
--- a/internal/zecall/generic.go
+++ b/internal/zecall/generic.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"math"
 	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
 )
 
 type ReturnTypes interface {
@@ -18,8 +19,8 @@ type ReturnTypes interface {
 //go:uintptrescapes
 func Call[T ReturnTypes](name string, args ...uintptr) (r T, err error) {
 	r1, r2, err := Syscall(name, args...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
+	if r1 != 0 {
+		err = errors.New("zecall " + name + ": non-zero return value 0x" + strconv.FormatUint(uint64(r1), 16))
 	}
 	k := reflect.TypeOf(r).Kind()
 	switch k {
diff --git a/ze/command.go b/ze/command.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79c8249
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ze/command.go
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package ze
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+)
+
+// CommandQueueHandle is a handle to a Level Zero command queue.
+type CommandQueueHandle gozel.ZeCommandQueueHandle
+
+// CommandQueueCreate creates a command queue on the given device with default mode and normal priority.
+func (h ContextHandle) CommandQueueCreate(hDevice gozel.ZeDeviceHandle) (
+	CommandQueueHandle, error,
+) {
+	var q gozel.ZeCommandQueueHandle
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandQueueCreate(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h), hDevice, &gozel.ZeCommandQueueDesc{
+		Stype:    gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_QUEUE_DESC,
+		Mode:     gozel.ZE_COMMAND_QUEUE_MODE_DEFAULT,
+		Priority: gozel.ZE_COMMAND_QUEUE_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
+	}, &q)
+	return CommandQueueHandle(q), err
+}
+
+// ExecuteCommandLists submits the command list for execution on the command queue.
+func (h CommandQueueHandle) ExecuteCommandLists(hCommandList CommandListHandle) error {
+	cl := gozel.ZeCommandListHandle(hCommandList)
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandQueueExecuteCommandLists(gozel.ZeCommandQueueHandle(h), 1, &cl, 0)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Synchronize blocks the host until all commands in the command queue have completed.
+func (h CommandQueueHandle) Synchronize() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandQueueSynchronize(gozel.ZeCommandQueueHandle(h), math.MaxUint64)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the command queue and releases its resources.
+func (h CommandQueueHandle) Destroy() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandQueueDestroy(gozel.ZeCommandQueueHandle(h))
+	return err
+}
+
+// CommandListHandle is a handle to a Level Zero command list.
+type CommandListHandle gozel.ZeCommandListHandle
+
+// CommandListCreate creates a command list on the given device.
+func (h ContextHandle) CommandListCreate(hDevice gozel.ZeDeviceHandle) (
+	CommandListHandle, error,
+) {
+	var cl gozel.ZeCommandListHandle
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandListCreate(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h), hDevice, &gozel.ZeCommandListDesc{
+		Stype: gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_LIST_DESC,
+	}, &cl)
+	return CommandListHandle(cl), err
+}
+
+// AppendLaunchKernel appends a kernel launch command to the command list.
+func (h CommandListHandle) AppendLaunchKernel(
+	hKernel KernelHandle, pLaunchFuncArgs *gozel.ZeGroupCount,
+) error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandListAppendLaunchKernel(gozel.ZeCommandListHandle(h), gozel.ZeKernelHandle(hKernel), pLaunchFuncArgs, 0, 0, nil)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Close closes the command list, making it ready for execution.
+func (h CommandListHandle) Close() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandListClose(gozel.ZeCommandListHandle(h))
+	return err
+}
+
+// AppendMemoryCopy appends a memory copy command from srcptr to dstptr of the given size.
+func (h CommandListHandle) AppendMemoryCopy(
+	dstptr unsafe.Pointer, srcptr unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr,
+) error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandListAppendMemoryCopy(gozel.ZeCommandListHandle(h), dstptr, srcptr, size, 0, 0, nil)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the command list and releases its resources.
+func (h CommandListHandle) Destroy() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandListDestroy(gozel.ZeCommandListHandle(h))
+	return err
+}
+
+// AppendBarrier appends an execution barrier to the command list.
+func (h CommandListHandle) AppendBarrier() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeCommandListAppendBarrier(gozel.ZeCommandListHandle(h), 0, 0, nil)
+	return err
+}
diff --git a/ze/context.go b/ze/context.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e151e36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ze/context.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package ze
+
+import "github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+
+// ContextHandle is a handle to a Level Zero context.
+type ContextHandle gozel.ZeContextHandle
+
+// ContextCreate creates a new context for the driver.
+func (h DriverHandle) ContextCreate() (ContextHandle, error) {
+	var ctx gozel.ZeContextHandle
+	_, err := gozel.ZeContextCreate(gozel.ZeDriverHandle(h), &gozel.ZeContextDesc{
+		Stype: gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_CONTEXT_DESC,
+	}, &ctx)
+	return ContextHandle(ctx), err
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the context and releases its resources.
+func (h ContextHandle) Destroy() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeContextDestroy(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h))
+	return err
+}
diff --git a/ze/device.go b/ze/device.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87c5024
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ze/device.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package ze
+
+import "github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+
+// DeviceGet retrieves all devices within the driver.
+func (h DriverHandle) DeviceGet() ([]gozel.ZeDeviceHandle, error) {
+	var count uint32
+	_, err := gozel.ZeDeviceGet(gozel.ZeDriverHandle(h), &count, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if count == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	devices := make([]gozel.ZeDeviceHandle, count)
+	_, err = gozel.ZeDeviceGet(gozel.ZeDriverHandle(h), &count, &devices[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return devices, nil
+}
diff --git a/ze/init.go b/ze/init.go
index 04c075d..d75baa1 100644
--- a/ze/init.go
+++ b/ze/init.go
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 package ze
 
 import (
+	"unsafe"
+
 	"github.com/fumiama/gozel"
 )
 
-func initDrivers(flags gozel.ZeInitDriverTypeFlags) ([]gozel.ZeDriverHandle, error) {
+// DriverHandle is a handle to a Level Zero driver instance.
+type DriverHandle gozel.ZeDriverHandle
+
+func initDrivers(flags gozel.ZeInitDriverTypeFlags) ([]DriverHandle, error) {
 	var count uint32
 	desc := &gozel.ZeInitDriverTypeDesc{
 		Stype: gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INIT_DRIVER_TYPE_DESC,
@@ -17,8 +22,8 @@ func initDrivers(flags gozel.ZeInitDriverTypeFlags) ([]gozel.ZeDriverHandle, err
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	handles := make([]gozel.ZeDriverHandle, count)
-	_, err = gozel.ZeInitDrivers(&count, &handles[0], desc)
+	handles := make([]DriverHandle, count)
+	_, err = gozel.ZeInitDrivers(&count, (*gozel.ZeDriverHandle)(unsafe.Pointer(&handles[0])), desc)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -28,13 +33,13 @@ func initDrivers(flags gozel.ZeInitDriverTypeFlags) ([]gozel.ZeDriverHandle, err
 // InitGPUDrivers calls zeInitDrivers with ZE_INIT_DRIVER_TYPE_FLAG_GPU from ze_loader.dll.
 // On success pCount contains the number of drivers and phDrivers (if non-nil)
 // is filled with driver handles.
-func InitGPUDrivers() ([]gozel.ZeDriverHandle, error) {
+func InitGPUDrivers() ([]DriverHandle, error) {
 	return initDrivers(gozel.ZE_INIT_DRIVER_TYPE_FLAG_GPU)
 }
 
 // InitNPUDrivers calls zeInitDrivers with ZE_INIT_DRIVER_TYPE_FLAG_NPU from ze_loader.dll.
 // On success pCount contains the number of drivers and phDrivers (if non-nil)
 // is filled with driver handles.
-func InitNPUDrivers() ([]gozel.ZeDriverHandle, error) {
+func InitNPUDrivers() ([]DriverHandle, error) {
 	return initDrivers(gozel.ZE_INIT_DRIVER_TYPE_FLAG_NPU)
 }
diff --git a/ze/kernel.go b/ze/kernel.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75497c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ze/kernel.go
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package ze
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+)
+
+// KernelHandle is a handle to a Level Zero kernel.
+type KernelHandle gozel.ZeKernelHandle
+
+// KernelCreate creates a kernel from the module by the given function name.
+func (h ModuleHandle) KernelCreate(kernelName string) (KernelHandle, error) {
+	b := []byte(kernelName + "\x00")
+	var k gozel.ZeKernelHandle
+	_, err := gozel.ZeKernelCreate(gozel.ZeModuleHandle(h), &gozel.ZeKernelDesc{
+		Stype:       gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_KERNEL_DESC,
+		Pkernelname: &b[0],
+	}, &k)
+	runtime.KeepAlive(b)
+	return KernelHandle(k), err
+}
+
+// SetArgumentValue sets the value of a kernel argument at the given index.
+func (h KernelHandle) SetArgumentValue(argIndex uint32, argSize uintptr, pArgValue unsafe.Pointer) error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeKernelSetArgumentValue(gozel.ZeKernelHandle(h), argIndex, argSize, pArgValue)
+	return err
+}
+
+// SetGroupSize sets the thread group size for the kernel.
+func (h KernelHandle) SetGroupSize(groupSizeX uint32, groupSizeY uint32, groupSizeZ uint32) error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeKernelSetGroupSize(gozel.ZeKernelHandle(h), groupSizeX, groupSizeY, groupSizeZ)
+	return err
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the kernel and releases its resources.
+func (h KernelHandle) Destroy() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeKernelDestroy(gozel.ZeKernelHandle(h))
+	return err
+}
diff --git a/ze/mem.go b/ze/mem.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17f7053
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ze/mem.go
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package ze
+
+import (
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+)
+
+// MemAllocDevice allocates device memory on the given device with the specified size and alignment.
+func (h ContextHandle) MemAllocDevice(hDevice gozel.ZeDeviceHandle, size uintptr, alignment uintptr) (
+	unsafe.Pointer, error,
+) {
+	var p unsafe.Pointer
+	_, err := gozel.ZeMemAllocDevice(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h), &gozel.ZeDeviceMemAllocDesc{
+		Stype: gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_MEM_ALLOC_DESC,
+	}, size, alignment, hDevice, &p)
+	return p, err
+}
+
+// MemAllocHost allocates host memory with the specified size and alignment.
+func (h ContextHandle) MemAllocHost(size uintptr, alignment uintptr) (
+	unsafe.Pointer, error,
+) {
+	var p unsafe.Pointer
+	_, err := gozel.ZeMemAllocHost(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h), &gozel.ZeHostMemAllocDesc{
+		Stype: gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_MEM_ALLOC_DESC,
+	}, size, alignment, &p)
+	return p, err
+}
+
+// MemFree frees memory previously allocated with MemAllocDevice or MemAllocHost.
+func (h ContextHandle) MemFree(ptr unsafe.Pointer) error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeMemFree(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h), ptr)
+	return err
+}
diff --git a/ze/module.go b/ze/module.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be9d416
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ze/module.go
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package ze
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+
+	"github.com/fumiama/gozel"
+)
+
+// ModuleHandle is a handle to a Level Zero module.
+type ModuleHandle gozel.ZeModuleHandle
+
+// ModuleCreate creates a module from SPIR-V binary data on the given device.
+func (h ContextHandle) ModuleCreate(hDevice gozel.ZeDeviceHandle, data []byte) (
+	ModuleHandle, error,
+) {
+	var m gozel.ZeModuleHandle
+	_, err := gozel.ZeModuleCreate(gozel.ZeContextHandle(h), hDevice, &gozel.ZeModuleDesc{
+		Stype:        gozel.ZE_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MODULE_DESC,
+		Format:       gozel.ZE_MODULE_FORMAT_IL_SPIRV,
+		Inputsize:    uintptr(len(data)),
+		Pinputmodule: &data[0],
+	}, &m, nil)
+	runtime.KeepAlive(data)
+	return ModuleHandle(m), err
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the module and releases its resources.
+func (h ModuleHandle) Destroy() error {
+	_, err := gozel.ZeModuleDestroy(gozel.ZeModuleHandle(h))
+	return err
+}